Lebanon's Orchestra Keeps Playing as Country Sinks into Crisis
2021-11-15
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1The National Symphony Orchestra of Lebanon is feeling the effects of the financial crisis in the country.
2The crisis has left many people in Lebanon suffering from poverty and struggling to meet simple needs.
3The crisis worsened because of the COVID-19 pandemic.
4The August 2020 Beirut explosion also worsened the crisis.
5The explosion killed more than 215 people and damaged parts of the city, including the building where the orchestra meets.
6As the value of Lebanese money fell, the 100 or so musicians in the orchestra watched the value of their pay fall from $3,000 to around $200.
7Most foreign musicians left the orchestra and the country.
8It is not clear how long the orchestra can keep going.
9Lubnan Baalbaki is the conductor of the orchestra, someone who leads the musicians as they are playing.
10"We used to do very big productions that would cover the entire classical repertoire. Now it's very difficult," Baalbaki said.
11The pay of those who remain now covers little more than the price of fuel to drive to weekly practices.
12This has forced Baalbaki to reduce the number of shows from around 30 a year to just a few.
13This follows a wider loss of Lebanon's cultural place and activities due to the crisis and the pandemic.
14One of those loses is summer holiday cultural events.
15They were seen as a guiding light of the arts in the area.
16They included famous musicians and Arab celebrities.
17Mona Kusta Semaan is a musician who has been with the orchestra since it was re-founded in 2000 after it closed during Lebanon's 1975-90 Civil War.
18She has warm memories of playing with Spanish singer Placido Domingo at the Roman ruins in Baalbeck, Lebanon in the early 2000s.
19Now, she said she became emotional when she saw an orchestra on the television.
20"I hope now that things get better, and Lebanon gets back on its feet, and they [foreign musicians] come back," she said. "We became a family."
21Even before the crisis, the orchestra had been nearly destroyed for 10 years by Lebanon's sectarian appointment-sharing system.
22In Lebanon, top positions at public establishments are given to politicians who generally appoint loyalists, with little thought given to skill.
23When the orchestra head Walid Gholmieh, a Greek Orthodox Christian, died in 2011, a permanent head was not found for seven years.
24Instead, two acting heads were appointed.
25The first was a government official with no professional musical skill.
26The second had the skill, but was not permanently appointed because he was Catholic rather than an Orthodox Christian.
27Lebanese musician Bassam Saba finally took over in 2018 after returning from the United States.
28But he died from COVID-19 related problems last year.
29Baalbaki fears it could take years before another head is appointed.
30"We are hostages," Baalbaki said.
31"The fate of art and music in Lebanon is taken hostage in this country because of the political class..." who, he added, demand on keeping the sectarian system.
32He said the musicians would keep going.
33He said, "We were born in this country and this is our fate, to find solutions..." and create new possibilities."
34I'm Gregory Stachel.
1The National Symphony Orchestra of Lebanon is feeling the effects of the financial crisis in the country. The crisis has left many people in Lebanon suffering from poverty and struggling to meet simple needs. 2The crisis worsened because of the COVID-19 pandemic. The August 2020 Beirut explosion also worsened the crisis. The explosion killed more than 215 people and damaged parts of the city, including the building where the orchestra meets. 3As the value of Lebanese money fell, the 100 or so musicians in the orchestra watched the value of their pay fall from $3,000 to around $200. 4Most foreign musicians left the orchestra and the country. 5It is not clear how long the orchestra can keep going. 6Cultural loss 7Lubnan Baalbaki is the conductor of the orchestra, someone who leads the musicians as they are playing. 8"We used to do very big productions that would cover the entire classical repertoire. Now it's very difficult," Baalbaki said. 9The pay of those who remain now covers little more than the price of fuel to drive to weekly practices. This has forced Baalbaki to reduce the number of shows from around 30 a year to just a few. 10This follows a wider loss of Lebanon's cultural place and activities due to the crisis and the pandemic. One of those loses is summer holiday cultural events. They were seen as a guiding light of the arts in the area. They included famous musicians and Arab celebrities. 11Mona Kusta Semaan is a musician who has been with the orchestra since it was re-founded in 2000 after it closed during Lebanon's 1975-90 Civil War. She has warm memories of playing with Spanish singer Placido Domingo at the Roman ruins in Baalbeck, Lebanon in the early 2000s. 12Now, she said she became emotional when she saw an orchestra on the television. 13"I hope now that things get better, and Lebanon gets back on its feet, and they [foreign musicians] come back," she said. "We became a family." 14Sectarianism 15Even before the crisis, the orchestra had been nearly destroyed for 10 years by Lebanon's sectarian appointment-sharing system. In Lebanon, top positions at public establishments are given to politicians who generally appoint loyalists, with little thought given to skill. 16When the orchestra head Walid Gholmieh, a Greek Orthodox Christian, died in 2011, a permanent head was not found for seven years. Instead, two acting heads were appointed. 17The first was a government official with no professional musical skill. The second had the skill, but was not permanently appointed because he was Catholic rather than an Orthodox Christian. 18Lebanese musician Bassam Saba finally took over in 2018 after returning from the United States. But he died from COVID-19 related problems last year. Baalbaki fears it could take years before another head is appointed. 19"We are hostages," Baalbaki said. "The fate of art and music in Lebanon is taken hostage in this country because of the political class..." who, he added, demand on keeping the sectarian system. 20He said the musicians would keep going. 21He said, "We were born in this country and this is our fate, to find solutions..." and create new possibilities." 22I'm Gregory Stachel. 23Timour Azhari reported this story for Reuters. Gregory Stachel adapted it for VOA Learning English. Susan Shand was the editor. 24_____________________________________________________________________ 25Words in This Story 26orchestra - n. a group of musicians who play usually classical music together and who are led by a conductor 27classical - adj. relating to music in a European tradition that includes opera and symphony and that is generally considered more serious than other kinds of music 28repertoire - n. all the plays, songs, or dances that a performer or group of performers knows and can perform 29practice - v. to do something again and again in order to become better at it 30celebrity - n. a person who is famous 31sectarian - adj. relating to religious or political sects and the differences between them 32fate - n. the things that will happen to a person or thing: the future that someone or something will have